Opaque financing structures for AI infrastructure, relying on long-term debt and off-balance sheet vehicles, generate new systemic financial risk by obscuring true leverage. This contrasts with firms like Bank of America, which prioritize disciplined cost management over broad AI expansion.

The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) published its final rule implementing the GENIUS Act, establishing requirements for national banks and federal savings associations to issue payment stablecoins. This regulation, effective January 18, 2027, formalizes a pathway for federally chartered institutions to engage in digital payments.